Development of Geological Science in China in the Twentieth Century

On the occurrence of the celebration of the Fiftieth An-niversary for the establishm ent of the People’s Republic ofChina,we contribute this paper entitled“Developm ent of Ge-ological Science in China in the Twentieth Century”.Thiscomes out from a review of the newly published book aboutthe history of geological disciplines:“Fifty Years of Geologi-cal Science in China”.The draftof the paper was formed aftera discussion between the authors.It deals with the existingstate of geologica…     

SIGNIFICANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF OPHIOLITE SUITE IN LAJI SHAN, SOUTHERN QILIAN MOUNTAINS, QINGHAI PROVINCE,CHINA

SIGNIFICANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF OPHIOLITE SUITE IN LAJI SHAN, SOUTHERN QILIAN MOUNTAINS, QINGHAI PROVINCE,CHINAthedoctoralprogramofhighereducation (970 49119)     

鄂尔多斯块体南缘InSAR地表形变探测分析

采用InSAR技术获取鄂尔多斯块体南缘地表形变速率场,为精细分析研究区域内不同类型的形变特征提供依据。结果表明,研究区中部存在多处形变漏斗,南部盆地内城区存在大范围沉降与隆升;岐山-马召段断裂为左旋走滑运动,口镇-关山断裂两侧存在差异运动。结合遥感影像与野外调查数据,确定研究区中部的形变漏斗为矿区开采所致,盆地内三原县发生沉降的原因主要为地下抽水,扶风县与蒲城县的地表隆升主要与地下水位回升有关。     

东海内陆架泥质区百年来黏土矿物组成变化及其环境意义

东海内陆架泥质区是东海现代沉积的"汇",其中黏土组分是泥质区沉积物的重要组成部分。沉积物中黏土矿物组合是反映沉积区物质来源和搬运动力状况的良好指标。本文利用XRD方法分析了东海内陆架泥质区两根沉积物岩心中黏土矿物组成和含量变化,结合放射性年代标定,揭示了近百年来黏土矿物组成的演变特征,探讨了黏土矿物的来源及其含量变化的制约因素。结果表明:东海内陆架泥质区沉积物以长江来源物质为主,受黄河及瓯江等河流物质的影响;近百年来内陆架泥质区黏土矿物组合发生显著阶段性变化,它们是东亚季风强弱波动和长江入海悬沙减少的共同作用的结果。     

冲绳海槽南部橄揽拉斑玄武岩研究

1995年夏季航次冲绳海槽地质、地球物理调查对海底岩石实施拖网取样，在与那国海底洼地西南边线采集到新鲜玄武岩样品。对岩石样品进行了薄片鉴定、岩石化学分析、稀土和微量元素分析以及银同位素分析等。结果表明，岩石为橄榄拉斑玄武岩，岩石微量元素和稀土元素分布具有地慢柱洋中脊玄武岩的特点；成岩熔浆来自上地慢，分异程度较低，混合作用较弱，结晶液线温度为1150－1200℃。     

Underway Measurement of Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity in the Taiwan Straits in August,1999

The distributional features of sea surface temperature and salinity(SST and SSS) in the Taiwan Straits have been analyzed using the SST and SSS underway measurements in August,1999.The characteristics of SST and SSS are summarized as foloows:There are several upwellings and diluted water in the Taiwan Straits.The upwellings are divided into two kinds:those along the western coast of the Taiwan Straits and those around the Taiwan Shoal.There are three sources of diluted water:diluted water of the Jiulongjiang River,diluted water of the Zhujiang River and diluted water of the Minjiang River.     

山东半岛东北部海底表层沉积物粒度分布特征和沉积作用研究

通过对海底表层沉积物的粒度分析,探讨了山东半岛东北部滨浅海底质沉积物的类型和分布特征。结果表明,该区的底质类型主要为粘土质粉砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂三种类型,其中粘土质粉砂约占该区沉积物分布面积的60%以上,呈侧倒的“Y”字形由西北向东南展布,沉积物各粒级组的含量与海流的方向和强弱有明显的相关性。     

开合构造的地球化学响应

“开”“合”是构造运动的基本形式，存构造带的开合演化过程中，有相应的地球化学作用过程的响应。拉脊山及东秦岭早古生代开合旋回中火山岩的地球化学特征研究表明，从开到合，稀土元素含量、轻稀土元素富集程度、大离子亲石元素含量等由低到高演化，而碱度则由高向低演化；由地球化学反映的一些岩浆作用属性、地壳构造属性也有相应的演化规律。作为地质作用过程的一部分,内生成矿作用过程与构造的开合有着密切的联系。元素的地球化学行为与地球构造动力之间的耦合作用是认识构造开合地球化学响应的理论基础。     

青海拉鸡山早古生代“开”,“合”演化的地球化学证据及成矿

位于青藏高原北部的拉鸡山下古生界为典型的火山－复理石活动类型建造,并赋含有丰富的矿产,本文基于地质,地球化学的方法,对拉鸡山早古代火山盆地的“开”,“合”历史及“开”,“合”与铜,金等多金属矿产形成作用的关系进行了探索,认识到拉鸡山早古生代经历了３个旋回的“开”,“合”拉鸡山铜,金等多金属矿源层形成于“开”的阶段,而“合”的作用最终促使矿物质活化,迁移和富集,“开”“合”与成矿关系的认识,无疑会增     

The study on three-dimensional numerical model and fronts of the Jiulong Estuary and the Xiamen Bay

Applying the methods of on-site observation and dynamic model, the research on the fronts at the Jiulong Estuary has been carried out, during which spatial and temporal distribution, dynamic characteristics and formation mechanism of salinity fronts are analyzed and discussed. The research shows that the estuarine fronts mainly lie in the area from the Jiyu Islet to the Haimen Island, outside of Yuweizai to Hulishan cross-section, the near coast of Yuweizai and the south of the Songyu-Gulangyu Channel. The fronts in the former two regions are formed directly by plume, while the one near the coast of Yuweizai is a tidal intrusion front caused by flood current and the one at the south of the Songyu-Gulangyu Channel is the result of current shear transformation. Under normal circumstances, fresh water of the Jiulong River mainly influences the inside of the Xiamen Bay, and when it is in typhoon seasons, plume front can affect the Taiwan Strait and has an effect on the biogeochemical processes in the strait.